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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2289/8634
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dc.contributor.authorDhandha, Jiten-
dc.contributor.authorFialkov, Anastasia-
dc.contributor.authorGessey-Jones, Thomas-
dc.contributor.authorBevins, Harry T J-
dc.contributor.authorTacchella, Sandro-
dc.contributor.authorPochinda, Simon-
dc.contributor.authorAcedo, Eloy de Lera-
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Saurabh-
dc.contributor.authorBarkana, Rennan-
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-11T06:31:43Z-
dc.date.available2026-02-11T06:31:43Z-
dc.date.issued2025-12-02-
dc.identifier.citationMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2025, Vol. 544(2) p 1608-1626en_US
dc.identifier.issn1365-2966-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2289/8634-
dc.descriptionRestricted Access. An open-access version is available at arXiv.org (one of the alternative locations)en_US
dc.description.abstractThe cosmic 21-cm signal is a promising probe of the early Universe, owing to its sensitivity to the thermal state of the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) and properties of the first luminous sources. Here, we constrain the 21-cm signal and infer IGM properties using the Population II galaxy parameters derived in a previous study through multiwavelength synergies. This includes high-redshift UV luminosity functions (UVLFs) from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), cosmic X-ray and radio backgrounds (CXB and CRB), the SARAS 3 global 21-cm signal non-detection, and HERA 21-cm power spectrum upper limits. From CXB and HERA data, we infer the IGM kinetic temperature to be TK(z = 15) 7.7 K, 2.5 K TK(z = 10) 66 K, and 20 K TK(z = 6) 2078 K at 95 per cent credible interval. Similarly, CRB and HERA data limit the radio emission efficiency of galaxies, giving Trad(z = 15) 47 K, Trad(z = 10) 51 K, and Trad(z = 6) 101 K. These constraints, strengthened by UVLFs from HST and JWST, enable the first lower bound on the cosmic 21-cm signal. We infer an absorption trough of depth −201 mK T21,min −68 mK at zmin ≈ 10–16, and a power spectrum of 8.7 mK2 2 21(z = 15) 197 mK2 at k = 0.35 hMpc−1 . Our results highlight the power of multiwavelength synergies in constraining the early Universe. While promising for upcoming 21-cm experiments, the results depend on our assumption of a redshift-independent X-ray and radio efficiency of galaxies and on the exclusion of a flexible model for Population III stars.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyen_US
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13761en_US
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf1736en_US
dc.rights2025 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subjectgalaxies: high-redshiften_US
dc.subjectgalaxies: star formationen_US
dc.subject(cosmology:) dark agesen_US
dc.subjectreionizationen_US
dc.subjectfirst starsen_US
dc.subject(cosmology:) early Universeen_US
dc.titleNarrowing the discovery space of the cosmological 21-cm signal using multi-wavelength constraintsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.additionalCollection: RAS Journalsen_US
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